Dry eye & short-sightedness caused by screens & smartphones

Increased screen time puts considerable strain on the eyes and can contribute to dry eyes, short-sightedness and retinal disorders – particularly critical for children and young people whose eyes are still developing.

Dry eyes occur because people blink less frequently and often incompletely when looking at screens. As a result, the Meibomian glands, which are responsible for the lipid layer of the tear film, are not stimulated enough and can become blocked. Other causes include rheumatic diseases, hormonal changes, diabetes, dust, cosmetics and skin diseases. The result is Sicca syndrome with symptoms such as burning, fatigue, foreign body sensation, swollen eyelids, sensitivity to light and fluctuating visual acuity. If left untreated, it can lead to inflammation of the eyelid margins, infections and even corneal tears. Treatment involves individually tailored eye drops, eyelid margin massages and hygiene. Taking breaks from the screen, good lighting, fresh air and reduced screen time also provide additional relief.

Myopia in children is caused by the eye growing too long. Intensive close-up work and smartphone use stimulate further growth, as the eye has to constantly accommodate. A lack of breaks and little daylight further increase the risk, especially if there is a family history of the condition. Spending a lot of time outdoors, taking regular breaks from close-up work and good lighting conditions can help to counteract this. Ophthalmologists can detect changes at an early stage and prescribe glasses. In cases of rapidly increasing myopia, special lenses or drops that inhibit accommodation can help. Annual check-ups are therefore important until the eyes have finished growing.